👤 Subject & Predicate

Understanding the two main parts of every sentence

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📚 What are Subject and Predicate?

Every complete sentence has two main parts:

  • Subject: Who or what the sentence is about
  • Predicate: What the subject does or is

🎯 The Subject

The subject tells us who or what the sentence is about.

Examples:

The cat sits on the mat.

Who sits? The cat (subject)

Sarah loves ice cream.

Who loves ice cream? Sarah (subject)

My little brother plays soccer.

Who plays soccer? My little brother (subject)

💡 Finding the Subject:

Ask yourself: "Who or what is doing something?"

⚡ The Predicate

The predicate tells us what the subject does or what the subject is like.

Examples:

The dog barks loudly.

What does the dog do? barks loudly (predicate)

The flowers are beautiful.

What are the flowers like? are beautiful (predicate)

My teacher explains the lesson carefully.

What does my teacher do? explains the lesson carefully (predicate)

💡 Finding the Predicate:

Ask yourself: "What is the subject doing?" or "What is being said about the subject?"

🔍 Simple vs. Complete Subject and Predicate

Simple Subject

The main noun or pronoun (without describing words)

The big brown dog barked.

Simple subject: dog

Complete Subject

The simple subject plus all its describing words

The big brown dog barked.

Complete subject: The big brown dog

Simple Predicate

The main verb (the action or state of being)

The dog barked loudly at the mailman.

Simple predicate: barked

Complete Predicate

The verb plus all the words that describe the action

The dog barked loudly at the mailman.

Complete predicate: barked loudly at the mailman

✏️ Practice Exercise

Identify the subject and predicate in each sentence. Click to reveal the answer!

1. The students study for their test.

Subject: The students

Predicate: study for their test

2. My best friend lives in California.

Subject: My best friend

Predicate: lives in California

3. The tall basketball player scored twenty points.

Subject: The tall basketball player

Predicate: scored twenty points

4. Every morning, the birds sing beautiful songs.

Subject: the birds

Predicate: sing beautiful songs

Note: "Every morning" is a time phrase, not part of the subject

5. The excited children ran to the playground.

Subject: The excited children

Predicate: ran to the playground

6. My grandmother bakes delicious cookies every weekend.

Subject: My grandmother

Predicate: bakes delicious cookies every weekend

7. The old red car broke down on the highway.

Subject: The old red car

Predicate: broke down on the highway

8. All of the students in the class passed the exam.

Subject: All of the students in the class

Predicate: passed the exam

🎯 Key Takeaways

  • Every complete sentence needs both a subject and a predicate
  • The subject tells who or what the sentence is about
  • The predicate tells what the subject does or is
  • The simple subject is the main noun or pronoun
  • The simple predicate is the main verb
  • The complete subject includes the simple subject and all its modifiers
  • The complete predicate includes the verb and all the words that complete its meaning

⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid

❌ Missing Subject

Went to the store. (Who went?)

✓ I went to the store.

❌ Missing Predicate

The beautiful sunset. (What about it?)

✓ The beautiful sunset glowed in the sky.

❌ Confusing Phrases with Subjects

In the morning is my favorite time. ("In the morning" is a phrase, not a subject)

✓ Morning is my favorite time.